Learning Aim A - The roles and responsibilities of people who work in the health and social care sector.
Unit 2 End of Topic Tests
The body system responsible for transporting blood, nutrients, oxygen and waste products throughout the body.
A muscular organ that pumps blood around the body, maintaining circulation.
Tubes (arteries, veins, capillaries) that transport blood to and from all body tissues.
The force of blood pushing against vessel walls as the heart pumps.
The system responsible for gas exchange, allowing oxygen to enter the bloodstream and carbon dioxide to be removed.
Organs where oxygen is absorbed into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide is expelled.
Tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs.
The system that transmits electrical signals around the body to control movement, sensation, and responses.
Made up of the brain and spinal cord, responsible for processing information and coordinating responses.
A specialised cell that carries electrical impulses.
A communication system using hormones to regulate body processes such as growth, metabolism and mood.
Chemical messengers produced by glands that regulate body functions.
Includes the kidneys and urinary structures, responsible for filtering blood and removing waste.
Organs that filter waste products, maintain fluid balance, and regulate blood composition.
The system of muscles, bones, joints and connective tissues enabling movement, support and protection of the body.
The framework of bones providing shape, support and organ protection.
Tissues that contract to create movement.
Points where two bones meet, allowing movement and flexibility.
Breaks down food into nutrients the body can absorb and removes waste.
Protects the body against infection and disease.
Learning Aim B - The roles of organisations in the health and social care sector.
Learning Aim C - Working with people with specific needs in the health and social care sector.
Unit 2 End of Topic Tests
Mock Exam
A cardiovascular disorder where the coronary arteries become narrowed or blocked, reducing blood flow to the heart muscle and increasing risk of heart attack.
A serious condition where the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off, causing brain cell damage and loss of function. Can be ischaemic (blockage) or haemorrhagic (bleed)
A long‑term respiratory disorder involving narrowed airways and damaged lung tissue, leading to breathing difficulties and reduced oxygen exchange.
A respiratory condition causing inflammation and tightening of the airways, leading to wheezing, coughing and shortness of breath.
A metabolic disorder where the body either cannot produce insulin or cannot use it effectively, resulting in high blood glucose levels.
A progressive neurological disorder affecting memory, thinking, behaviour and the ability to perform everyday tasks, caused by damage to brain cells.
Damage to the brain that occurs after birth due to trauma, stroke, infection, or lack of oxygen, affecting cognitive, physical and emotional functioning.
The direct effects caused by a disorder on the affected body system (e.g., reduced oxygen exchange in COPD, reduced insulin action in diabetes).
The wider effects on other body systems due to the primary problem (e.g., hypertension affecting vision because retinal capillaries become damaged).
How disorders in one body system cause changes or stress in another, due to the dependence of systems on one another for stable functioning.
Bodies responsible for providing, regulating or commissioning health and social care services (e.g., hospitals, local authorities, regulators).
Laws that outline the legal responsibilities, rights, and protections within health and social care practice. Legislation ensures safe, lawful and ethical care delivery.
Official instructions or recommended practices issued by organisations to ensure consistent standards, best practice and compliance in care settings.
The process where services are planned, purchased and monitored to meet community needs.
How health and social care services are delivered (e.g., primary care, secondary care, community care).
Different health and social care agencies working together to improve outcomes for individuals and communities.
Ensuring individuals can obtain and use services, regardless of barriers such as disability, language or location.
Standards of effectiveness, safety and person‑centredness that determine how well a service meets individuals’ needs.
The ability to analyse information, evaluate evidence and justify conclusions, supporting effective decision‑making in care practice.
Judgements based on accurate information, logical reasoning and evidence, used to improve practice or solve problems.
Unit 2 - Revision of all learning aims in preparation for January examination.
Unit 14 - Learning Aim A - Investigate the causes and effects of physiological disorders.
Unit 2 External Examination
Unit 14 Assignment - Physiological Disorders and their Care
The basic structural and functional unit of the human body, responsible for carrying out essential life processes.
The internal components of a cell (such as the nucleus, cytoplasm, membrane) that determine how it functions within the body.
Cells adapted to perform specific roles, such as nerve cells for communication or muscle cells for movement.
A group of similar cells working together to perform a particular function.
A type of tissue that covers body surfaces and lines internal organs, providing protection or absorption.
Tissue that supports, binds or separates other tissues and organs (e.g., bone, cartilage, blood).
Tissue that contracts to enable movement of the body or internal organs.
Tissue specialised in transmitting electrical impulses to coordinate bodily functions.
The chemical process within cells that releases energy from glucose to support bodily functions.
The body’s primary energy-carrying molecule, used in all cellular activities that require energy.
The process that maintains stable internal conditions (e.g., temperature, pH, glucose levels) vital for survival.
A regulatory mechanism where a change triggers a response that counteracts the initial change, helping restore balance.
The homeostatic control of body temperature to keep it within a healthy range.
A homeostatic mechanism controlling levels of glucose in the blood, often involving insulin and glucagon.
The body system responsible for transporting blood, nutrients, oxygen and waste products throughout the body.
A muscular organ that pumps blood around the body, maintaining circulation.
Tubes (arteries, veins, capillaries) that transport blood to and from all body tissues.
The force of blood pushing against vessel walls as the heart pumps.
The system responsible for gas exchange, allowing oxygen to enter the bloodstream and carbon dioxide to be removed.
Organs where oxygen is absorbed into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide is expelled.
Tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs.
The system that transmits electrical signals around the body to control movement, sensation, and responses.
Made up of the brain and spinal cord, responsible for processing information and coordinating responses.
A specialised cell that carries electrical impulses.
A communication system using hormones to regulate body processes such as growth, metabolism and mood.
Chemical messengers produced by glands that regulate body functions.
Includes the kidneys and urinary structures, responsible for filtering blood and removing waste.
Organs that filter waste products, maintain fluid balance, and regulate blood composition.
The system of muscles, bones, joints and connective tissues enabling movement, support and protection of the body.
The framework of bones providing shape, support and organ protection.
Tissues that contract to create movement.
Points where two bones meet, allowing movement and flexibility.
Breaks down food into nutrients the body can absorb and removes waste.
Protects the body against infection and disease.
A cardiovascular disorder where the coronary arteries become narrowed or blocked, reducing blood flow to the heart muscle and increasing risk of heart attack.
A serious condition where the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off, causing brain cell damage and loss of function. Can be ischaemic (blockage) or haemorrhagic (bleed)
A long‑term respiratory disorder involving narrowed airways and damaged lung tissue, leading to breathing difficulties and reduced oxygen exchange.
A respiratory condition causing inflammation and tightening of the airways, leading to wheezing, coughing and shortness of breath.
A metabolic disorder where the body either cannot produce insulin or cannot use it effectively, resulting in high blood glucose levels.
A progressive neurological disorder affecting memory, thinking, behaviour and the ability to perform everyday tasks, caused by damage to brain cells.
Damage to the brain that occurs after birth due to trauma, stroke, infection, or lack of oxygen, affecting cognitive, physical and emotional functioning.
The direct effects caused by a disorder on the affected body system (e.g., reduced oxygen exchange in COPD, reduced insulin action in diabetes).
The wider effects on other body systems due to the primary problem (e.g., hypertension affecting vision because retinal capillaries become damaged).
How disorders in one body system cause changes or stress in another, due to the dependence of systems on one another for stable functioning.
Bodies responsible for providing, regulating or commissioning health and social care services (e.g., hospitals, local authorities, regulators).
Laws that outline the legal responsibilities, rights, and protections within health and social care practice. Legislation ensures safe, lawful and ethical care delivery.
Official instructions or recommended practices issued by organisations to ensure consistent standards, best practice and compliance in care settings.
The process where services are planned, purchased and monitored to meet community needs.
How health and social care services are delivered (e.g., primary care, secondary care, community care).
Different health and social care agencies working together to improve outcomes for individuals and communities.
Ensuring individuals can obtain and use services, regardless of barriers such as disability, language or location.
Standards of effectiveness, safety and person‑centredness that determine how well a service meets individuals’ needs.
The ability to analyse information, evaluate evidence and justify conclusions, supporting effective decision‑making in care practice.
Judgements based on accurate information, logical reasoning and evidence, used to improve practice or solve problems.
Learning Aim B - Examine the investigation and diagnosis of physiological disorders.
Learning Aim C - Examine treatment and support for service users with physiological disorders.
Unit 14 Assignment - Physiological Disorders and their Care
External factors in a person’s life (such as income, housing, education, employment, environment and social networks) that influence their health status.
An individual’s overall level of health, shaped by physical, mental and social factors.
Elements linked to social and financial circumstances (e.g., income level, job security, education) that affect access to opportunities and health outcomes.
Aspects of a person’s surroundings—pollution, housing quality, neighbourhood safety—that can positively or negatively impact health.
Individual choices such as diet, physical activity, alcohol use, and smoking that influence long‑term health.
The results of health interventions or conditions, often measured by improvements in wellbeing, reduction in disease, or increased life expectancy.
Any action or programme designed to improve a person’s health, such as treatment, support planning, lifestyle advice or targeted services.
Strategies that aim to reduce risk or stop illness before it occurs (e.g., screening, vaccinations, early support).
Using an individual’s needs, wishes and circumstances to guide improvements in their health outcomes.
Any factors that prevent individuals from accessing or benefiting from health services, such as language, cost, transport, stigma or limited availability.
Challenges that stop people from using services, including physical barriers (e.g., lack of ramps), communication barriers, or service availability.
Unfair differences in health or access to care between groups due to social, economic, or environmental disadvantage.
Differences in beliefs, values, or expectations that may affect how comfortable individuals feel accessing or accepting care.
Internal factors such as anxiety, fear, lack of trust, or low confidence that discourage engagement with health services.
Learning Aim D - Develop a treatment plan for service users with physiological disorders to meet their needs.
Unit 14 Assignment - Physiological Disorders and their Care
External factors in a person’s life (such as income, housing, education, employment, environment and social networks) that influence their health status.
An individual’s overall level of health, shaped by physical, mental and social factors.
Elements linked to social and financial circumstances (e.g., income level, job security, education) that affect access to opportunities and health outcomes.
Aspects of a person’s surroundings—pollution, housing quality, neighbourhood safety—that can positively or negatively impact health.
Individual choices such as diet, physical activity, alcohol use, and smoking that influence long‑term health.
The results of health interventions or conditions, often measured by improvements in wellbeing, reduction in disease, or increased life expectancy.
Any action or programme designed to improve a person’s health, such as treatment, support planning, lifestyle advice or targeted services.
Strategies that aim to reduce risk or stop illness before it occurs (e.g., screening, vaccinations, early support).
Using an individual’s needs, wishes and circumstances to guide improvements in their health outcomes.
Any factors that prevent individuals from accessing or benefiting from health services, such as language, cost, transport, stigma or limited availability.
Challenges that stop people from using services, including physical barriers (e.g., lack of ramps), communication barriers, or service availability.
Unfair differences in health or access to care between groups due to social, economic, or environmental disadvantage.
Differences in beliefs, values, or expectations that may affect how comfortable individuals feel accessing or accepting care.
Internal factors such as anxiety, fear, lack of trust, or low confidence that discourage engagement with health services.
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